
The Global Carbon Budget 2025, with contributions from Peter Landschützer (PI), Ralph Keeling (Co-Lead PI), Eric Morgan (Research Scientist), Christian Rödenbeck (Co-I), and Laure Resplandy (PI), has been published in Earth System Science Data. This annual community assessment quantifies the perturbation of the global carbon cycle caused by anthropogenic activities, including fossil fuel and land-use emissions and their partitioning among the atmosphere, ocean, and land.